Main manufactory and supplier of Manganese Monoxide (Manganese Oxide)
Main differentiation between manganese monoxide (MnO) and manganese dioxide (MnO ₂)
1. Differences in physical properties
Parameters: Manganese monoxide (MnO), manganese dioxide (MnO ₂)
Color and morphology: Grey white to dark green powder or octahedral crystal (color depth is related to particle size, with larger particle size resulting in darker green color) 34 Black amorphous powder or black rhombohedral crystal 57
Density and melting point density 5.43-5.46 g/cm ³, melting point 1650 ℃ 3 density 5.0 g/cm ³, no clear melting point (thermal decomposition) 7
Insoluble in water, soluble in acid and ammonium chloride. Difficult to dissolve in water, weak acid, weak base. Dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid under heating to form Cl ₂ 57
2. Comparison of chemical properties
Redox:
MnO: can be reduced to metallic manganese by carbon at high temperatures (above 1200 ℃); Heating in air can easily oxidize into high valence manganese oxides (such as Mn ∝ O ₄, Mn ₂ O ∝) 23.
MnO ₂: Strong oxidizing, reacts with concentrated hydrochloric acid to generate Cl ₂ (indicating oxidizing properties); Molten with strong oxidants (such as KNO3) to generate potassium permanganate (exhibiting reducibility) 57.
Thermal stability:
MnO ₂ decomposes into Mn ∝ O ₄ and O ₂ (>535 ℃) 5 when heated, while MnO sublimates at 3400 ℃ and is not easily reducible.
3. Application field differentiation
Category Manganese Oxide (MnO) Manganese Dioxide (MnO ₂)
Core application: ① Raw material for ferrite magnetic materials; ② Feed additives/trace element fertilizers; ③ Catalytic synthesis of pentanol 23 ① Dry battery cathode material; ② Glass decolorizing agent/ceramic coloring agent; ③ Organic synthetic oxidants (such as dye production) 57
Special function as a reducing agent in metallurgical reactions (such as preparation of manganese metal) 3. Catalytic decomposition of potassium chlorate for oxygen production (laboratory use) 68
4. Differentiation method
Solubility test:
After adding dilute hydrochloric acid, MnO dissolves to form a Mn ² ⁺ solution (gas free) 3, while MnO ₂ needs to be heated to react with concentrated hydrochloric acid to form Cl ₂ (yellow green gas) 57.
Heating observation:
MnO ₂ releases oxygen when heated above 535 ℃ (can be verified by reigniting with Martian wood strips), and there is no significant decomposition of MnO at high temperatures.
Color assisted judgment:
According to the powder color (gray green → MnO; Black → MnO ₂ combined with particle size observation (MnO color changes more significantly with particle size)
MnO
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